Praise be to Allaah.
What is proven definitively in the Holy Qur'aan is that
Adam and Hawwa’ (peace be upon them) came down from Paradise to earth
after they ate from the tree.
Allah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“Then the Shaytaan (Satan) made them slip therefrom (the
Paradise), and got them out from that in which they were. We said: ‘Get you
down, all, with enmity between yourselves. On earth will be a dwelling place
for you and an enjoyment for a time’”
[al-Baqarah 2:36].
With regard to the place where they came down on earth, the
Qur'aan does not say anything about it, and there is no saheeh, marfoo‘
hadeeth in the Sunnah of the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon
him) which explains that, although there are some da‘eef (weak) hadeeths,
such as the hadeeth that says: “Adam came down in India and felt lonely…”.
This was narrated by Ibn ‘Asaakir in Tareekh Dimashq (7/437) and
classed as da‘eef by Shaykh al-Albaani in al-Silsilah al-Da‘eefah,
no. 403. There are also other hadeeths which speak of this matter, but their
isnaads are very weak.
The only saheeh reports about this matter are the words of
some of the salaf, most of which are taken from the knowledge of the people
of the Book which were transmitted during their time. Such reports cannot be
relied upon or trusted, and it is not permissible to believe in what they
mention of things concerning which our religion is silent. Rather they may
be narrated for the purpose of story-telling only.
Despite that, the scholarly opinions concerning this matter
differ.
Some of them said: Adam came down in India and Hawwa’ came
down in Jeddah.
Some of them said that they both came down in India.
Some of them said that Adam came down in a land between
Makkah and al-Taa’if called Dahna.
Some of them said that Adam came down on al-Safa and Hawwa’
came down on al-Marwah.
Al-Haafiz Ibn Katheer (may Allah have mercy on him) said:
Al-Saddi said: Allah said (interpretation of the meaning):
“Get you down, all” [al-Baqarah 2:36].
So they came down; Adam came down in India and the Black Stone and a handful
of leaves from Paradise came down with him, and he scattered them in India,
and a perfume tree grew, which is the origin of what comes from India of
perfume from the handful of leaves that Adam brought down. Adam only took
them because of his sorrow at leaving Paradise when he was expelled from
it.
‘Imraan ibn ‘Uyaynah said, (narrating) from ‘Ata’ ibn
al-Saa’ib, from Sa‘eed ibn Jubayr, from Ibn ‘Abbaas, who said: Adam came
down from Paradise in Dahna, in the land of India.
Ibn Abi Haatim said: Abu Zar‘ah told us: Uthmaan ibn Abi
Shaybah told us: Jareer told us: from ‘Ata’, from Sa‘eed, from Ibn ‘Abbaas
who said: Adam (peace be upon him) came down in a land called Dahna, between
Makkah and al-Taa’if.
It was narrated that al-Hasan al-Basri said: Adam came down
in India and Hawwa’ in Jeddah, and Iblees in Dastumeesaan a few miles from
Basrah, and the serpent came down in Asbahaan. This was narrated by Ibn Abi
Haatim.
Ibn Abi Haatim said: Muhamamd ibn ‘Ammaar ibn al-Haarith told
us: Muhammad ibn Sa‘eed ibn Saabiq told us: ‘Amr ibn Abi Qays told us, from
Ibn ‘Adiyy, from Ibn ‘Umar, who said: Adam came down on al-Safa and Hawwa’
on al-Marwah. End quote.
Tafseer al-Qur’aan al-‘Azeem,
1/237
But all of these are words for which there is no evidence.
And Allah knows best.
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